Livestock Antibiotics Use and Antimicrobial Resistance

Antibiotic resistance (AMR) in livestock is a growing global concern, causing bacterial strains to develop and spread to humans through consumption of contaminated products, direct contact, or environmental exposure. The history of antibiotic use in livestock, its mechanisms, and the role of livestock and the environment as reservoirs for resistant pathogens are crucial. To mitigate the threat of AMR, global efforts, increased public awareness, coordinated regulations, and advancements in biological technology are needed. Future perspectives include regulatory solutions, therapeutic alternatives, and preventive measures like DNA and mRNA vaccines.